Order Number: AA-PX2BL-TE

This manual contains information about developing Compaq C++ programs on Compaq Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha systems.

Revision/Update Information: This is a revised manual, replacing AA-PX2BK-TE

Software Version: Compaq C++ Version 6.5 for Tru64 UNIX
Compaq C++ Version 6.5 for Linux Alpha

Compaq Computer Corporation
Houston, Texas

© 2001 Compaq Computer Corporation.

COMPAQ, the Compaq logo, and Alpha, DEC, Ladebug, OpenVMS, and VMS are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Tru64 is a trademark of Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P. in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. All other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.

Portions of the ANSI C++ Standard Library have been implemented using source licensed from and copyrighted by Rogue Wave Software, Inc.

Information pertaining to the C++ Standard Library has been edited and reprinted with permission of Rogue Wave Software, Inc. All rights reserved.

Portions copyright 1994-2001 Rogue Wave Software, Inc.

Compaq shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information in this document is provided as is without warranty of any kind and is subject to change without notice. The warranties for Compaq products are set forth in the express limited warranty statements accompanying such products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.

Confidential computer software. Valid license from Compaq required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license.

This document is available on CD-ROM. This document was prepared using DECdocument, Version 3.3-1n.

Contents

Index

This manual contains information for developing and debugging Compaq C++ programs on Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha systems, and includes information on other Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha features and tools that work with Compaq C++.

Intended Audience

This manual is intended for experienced programmers who need to develop Compaq C++ programs on Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha systems. Users of this manual should have a basic understanding of the C++ language and some familiarity with the Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha operating systems.

Structure of this Document

This manual is organized as follows:

• Chapter 1 shows how to create, compile, link, and run Compaq C++ programs.
• Chapter 2 describes features and characteristics that are specific to the Compaq C++ implementation.
• Chapter 3 describes how to modify existing C header files to be accepted by Compaq C++.
• Chapter 4 contains tips for moving applications built with other C++ implementations to Compaq C++.
• Chapter 5 describes how to use templates with Compaq C++.
• Chapter 6 describes how to use precompiled headers with Compaq C++.
• Chapter 7 describes the Compaq C++ implementation of the C++ Standard Library.
• Chapter 8 explains how to use C++ exception handling.
• Chapter 9 describes how to use the Ladebug debugger.
• Appendix A describes Class Library restrictions.
• Appendix B describes built-in functions.
• Appendix C describes Third Degree messages generated by the C++ Class and Standard Libraries.
• The cxx(1) reference page describes command line options.

Associated Documents

The following documents contain information associated with topics in this manual:

• Stroustrup, Bjarne. The C++ Programming Language, 3rd Edition. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
  Provides an exhaustive introduction to the C++ programming language, including sophisticated language features. This book also includes the text but not the annotations of The Annotated C++ Reference Manual.
• C++ Class Library Reference Manual
  This manual describes the class library packages supplied with Compaq C++.
• Compaq C++ Installation Guide for Tru64 UNIX
  This document supplies the information necessary to install Compaq C++. on Tru64 UNIX systems. Instructions for installing Compaq C++ on Linux Alpha systems are provided in a README document supplied with the C++ for Linux Alpha kit.
• The AT&T C++ Language System, Release 2.0, Library Manual
  This document describes the AT&T class library package.

Related Documents

The following documents are not included in the Compaq C++ documentation set. Refer to them for additional information on the C++ programming language, Compaq C, or Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha programming.

• Stroustrup, Bjarne and Margaret Ellis. The Annotated C++ Reference Manual. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1990.
  This text contains the current language definition of C++.
• Carroll, Martin D. and Margaret E. Ellis. Designing and Coding Reusable C++. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
  This text provides practical information for designing and implementing C++ programs.
• Myers, Scott. Effective C++: 50 Specific Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs, 3rd edition. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
• Myers, Scott. More Effective C++: 35 New Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
  These texts provide practical information for designing and implementing C++ programs.
• Tru64 UNIX Programmer's Guide
  This guide describes the programming environment on the Tru64 UNIX operating system, emphasizing the C programming language.
• Compaq C Language Reference Manual
  Provides a complete technical description of the C language as specified by the ANSI X3J11 committee. This manual also fully describes all extensions to this standard implemented in Compaq C.
• ULTRIX to Tru64 UNIX Migration Guide
  Describes how to migrate from an ULTRIX system to a Tru64 UNIX system. This book includes information on porting applications from ULTRIX to Tru64 UNIX systems.
• International Standard ISO/IEC 14882
  Defines the C++ International Standard. The document is available for downloading at the ANSI Electronic Store (start at
  The printed version is also available for purchase from the same web site. Choose "Catalogs/Standards Information", then "ANSI-ISO-IEC Online Catalog", then search for "14882".

Conventions Used in this Manual

Table 1 lists the conventions used in this manual.

Table 1 Conventions Used in this Manual

Convention	Meaning
%	A percent sign (%) is the default user prompt.
class complex { . . . };	A vertical ellipsis indicates that some intervening program code or output is not shown. Only the more pertinent material is shown in the example.
,...	A horizontal ellipsis in a syntax description indicates that you can enter additional parameters, options, or values. A comma preceding the ellipsis indicates that successive items must be separated by commas.
The generic class... The get() function...	Monospaced type denotes the names of Compaq C++ language elements, and also the names of classes, members, and nonmembers. Monospaced type is also used in text to reference code elements displayed in examples and file-name extensions.
italic	Italic type denotes the names of variables that appear as parameters or in arguments to functions, and also denotes book titles.
boldface	Boldface type in text indicates the first instance of terms defined in text.
UPPERCASE lowercase	The Tru64 UNIX and Linux Alpha operating systems distinquish between uppercase and lowercase characters. Literal strings that appear in text, examples, syntax descriptions, and function definitions must be entered exactly as shown.
cxx (1)	Cross-references to reference pages include the appropriate section number in parentheses.

Reader's Comments

You may send comments or suggestions regarding this manual, or any Compaq C++ document, by electronic mail to the following Internet address:

compaq_cxx@compaq.com .

Include the title of the document, section and page number where the error occurred.

Product Support

Customers with support contracts should seek support for problems through local customer support centers.

Customers who do not have support contracts are encouraged to mail problem reports to compaq_cxx.bugs@compaq.com . Although these reports will certainly be used as a source of input for fixing problems for new releases, we cannot give the reports individual attention. We can take remedial action only on a best-effort basis.

If you have questions, suggestions, or comments, please send mail to compaq_cxx@compaq.com .

When reporting problems to Compaq, please provide the following information:

• Name and version of compiler (from a listing file or by specify the -V command-line option).
• Name and version of operating system
• Smallest possible complete source and commands needed to reproduce the problem.
• An example of the incorrect results and the desired results